
superficial ●●●○○



ESL CEFR | C1TOEFLIELTS1100 Words
su‧per‧fi‧cial /ˌsuːpəˈfɪʃəl◂ $ -pər-/ adjective
سطحی، ظاهری
صوری، سرسری، ظاهری، معماری: ظاهر
▼ ادامه توضیحات دیکشنری؛ پس از بنر تبلیغاتی ▼
Synonyms & Related Wordssuperficial[adjective]Synonyms:- hasty, casual, cursory, desultory, hurried, perfunctory, sketchy, slapdash
- shallow, empty-headed, frivolous, silly, trivial
- surface, exterior, external, on the surface, slight
Antonyms: exhaustive
Contrasted words: comprehensive, full, inclusive, deep, detailed, in-depth, thorough, critical
Related Words: bird's-eye,
general,
one-dimensional,
skin-deep,
smattery
English Thesaurus: cut, snip, slit, slash, saw, ... [TahlilGaran] English Synonym Dictionary ▲
English Dictionarysu‧per‧fi‧cial /ˌsuːpəˈfɪʃ
əl◂ $ -pər-/
adjective[
Date: 1300-1400;
Language: Late Latin;
Origin: superficialis, from Latin superficies 'surface', from facies 'face']
1. NOT LOOKING/STUDYING CAREFULLY not studying or looking at something carefully and only seeing the most noticeable things
superficial examination/study etc
Even a superficial inspection revealed serious flaws.
Naturally, such visits can allow only the most superficial understanding of prison life.2. APPEARANCE seeming to have a particular quality, although this is not true or real
superficial resemblance/similarity
Despite their superficial similarities, the two novels are, in fact, very different.
Beneath his refined manners and superficial elegance lay something treacherous.at/on a superficial level
At a superficial level, things seem to have remained the same.3. WOUND/DAMAGE affecting only the surface of your skin or the outside part of something, and therefore not serious:
She escaped with only superficial cuts and bruises.
superficial damage4. PERSON someone who is superficial does not think about things that are serious or important – used to show disapproval
Synonym : shallow:
All the other girls seemed silly and superficial to Darlene.5. NOT IMPORTANT superficial changes, difficulties etc are not important and do not have a big effect
Synonym : minor:
superficial changes in government policies6. TOP LAYER existing in or relating to the top layer of something, especially soil, rock etc
—superficially adverb—superficiality /ˌsuːpəfɪʃiˈæləti, ˌsuːpəfɪʃiˈælɪti $ -pər-/
noun [uncountable] [TahlilGaran] Dictionary of Contemporary English ▲
Collocationssuperficial adj. VERBS be, seem | remain ADV. extremely, very | entirely, purely He began to feel he could cope, on a purely superficial level, at least.
increasingly | largely, more or less | fairly, quite, rather, relatively, somewhat [TahlilGaran] Collocations Dictionary ▲
Thesauruscut to divide something into two or more pieces, especially using a knife or
scissors:
Do you want me to cut the cake?
He cut off the lower branches.snip to quickly cut something, especially using
scissors:
I snipped the label off.
The hairdresser snipped away at her hair.slit to make a long narrow cut through something, especially using a knife:
He slit the envelope open with a penknife.
She slit through the plastic covering.slash to cut something quickly and violently with a knife, making a long thin cut:
Someone had slashed the tyres on his car.
He tried to slash his wrists.saw to cut wood, using a
saw (=a tool with a row of sharp points):
Saw the wood to the correct length.chop to cut wood, vegetables, or meat into pieces:
Bill was outside chopping up firewood with an axe.
They chopped down the old tree.
finely chopped onionslice to cut bread, meat, or vegetables into thin pieces:
I’ll slice the cucumber.
Slice the bread thinly.dice to cut vegetables or meat into small square pieces:
First dice the apple into cubes.grate to cut cheese or a hard vegetable by rubbing it against a special tool:
Grate the cheese and sprinkle it over the vegetables.peel to cut the outside part off something such as a potato or apple:
I peeled the potatoes and put them in a saucepan.carve to cut thin pieces from a large piece of meat:
Uncle Ray carved the turkey.mow to cut the grass in a garden, park etc:
A gardener was mowing the lawn.trim (
also clip) to cut a small amount off something, especially to make it look neater:
He was trimming his beard.
Trim the excess fat off the meat.make cuts
The country needs to make cuts in the carbon dioxide it produces.announce cuts
A major engineering company has announced big job cuts.take/accept cuts (=agree to have something reduced)
Some employees were forced to take pay cuts.tax cuts
The President announced tax cuts.pay/wage cuts
Millions of workers face pay cuts.job/staff cuts
There have been falling sales and job cuts at the newspaper.spending cuts
His proposals could involve spending cuts of up to £12 billion.price cuts
The company announced big price cuts on all its computers.defence cuts
Further proposals for defence cuts were drawn up.deep/severe cuts (=big reductions)
Deep cuts were made in research spending.drastic/sharp cuts (=big and sudden reductions)
He resigned over drastic cuts in the education budget.have a cut on something
He had a cut on his forehead.get a cut (on something)
I fell and got a bad cut on my head.small/slight
It’s only a small cut.minor
Two passengers had to be treated for minor cuts.superficial (=not deep)
I’m fine - just a few superficial cuts.bad/nasty (=wide or deep and bleeding a lot)
The cut looked quite bad.
How did you get that nasty cut?deep
She fell and got a deep cut on her leg.cuts and bruises (=cuts and dark marks on the skin)
He escaped the crash with just a few cuts and bruises. [TahlilGaran] English Thesaurus ▲